Japan’s Emperor Naruhito began a weeklong visit to Mongolia on Sunday, during which he plans to pay tribute to thousands of Japanese prisoners of war (POWs) who were held there under tough conditions during World War II.
The trip comes as Japan marks the 80th anniversary of the war’s end. In recent years, Naruhito has visited several key sites connected to Japan’s wartime history, including Iwo Jima, Okinawa, and Hiroshima. These visits are part of his commitment to acknowledging the suffering caused by the war, which was fought in the name of his grandfather, Emperor Hirohito.
Although most Japanese soldiers captured by the Allies were sent to Siberia, between 12,000 and 14,000 were held in Mongolia, which had supported the Soviet Union against Japan during the conflict.
The prisoners were forced to perform hard labor, helping build important structures in Mongolia’s capital, Ulaanbaatar, including government offices, a university, and a theater — all of which still stand today. The POWs endured difficult conditions with little food, and Japanese records show that around 1,700 died in captivity.
“As we mark 80 years since the war’s end, we must not forget the pain and sorrow it caused,” Naruhito said last week. “It’s important to remember those who died, to reflect on the past, and to continue fostering a deep commitment to peace.”
During the visit, Emperor Naruhito and Empress Masako were expected to meet with Mongolia’s President Ukhnaa Khurelsukh and his wife. They will also attend the opening ceremony of Naadam, Mongolia’s national festival celebrating the traditional sports of horse racing, wrestling, and archery.
Naruhito last visited Mongolia in 2007 when he was still crown prince.
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